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The pollution in the ocean and its impact
Lama Hachem
Thu Jul 2022
A major decline in the world’s biological diversity refers to human excessive activities. The critical problem is that the human impacts have accelerated present extinction rates to 1000–10,000 times the natural rate (Lovejoy, 1997). In the ocean, the main threats to marine life safety come in various forms, such as overexploitation, overfishing, harvesting, and dumping of chemical, industrial, and radioactive wastes that are purposely thrown into the ocean, especially before 1972.
 In addition to those threats, we could add pollution, land reclamation, and global climate change (Beatley, 1991; National Research Council, 1995& al.).
 
Keywords: Plastic debris; Pollution; Marine environment; Zero waste.


1-Problem
 
The pollution by plastic and its deleterious effect on the marine environment were reviewed by bringing together most of the literature based on this topic.
 
Plastics are synthetic organic polymers, and they have only existed for just over a century (Gorman, 1993). The use of these materials has increased exponentially over the past three decades and has integrated into today’s lifestyle, due to their useful characteristics: lightweight, strong, durable and cheap, and suitability for the manufacture of a very wide range of products (Laist, 1987). 
 

2- The threats of plastic 
 
The threat of plastics to the marine environment has been ignored for a long time, and its seriousness has been only recently recognized (Stefatos et al., 1999). They are primarily due to ingestion of plastic debris and entanglement in packaging bands, synthetic ropes, and lines, or drift nets (Laist, 1987, 1997; Quayle, 1992).
 
They usually end up in the marine environment when accidentally lost, carelessly handled (Wilber, 1987), or left behind by beachgoers (Pruter, 1987).
 They also reach the sea, the rivers, and the municipal drainage systems (Pruter, 1987; Williams and Simmons, 1997).
 
The accumulation of plastic debris in the ocean/sea is a highly potential danger to marine ecosystems. As a result, a large number of marine species are now harmed, killed by plastic, and entangled in plastic nets which put a lot of them in danger of extension and lead to inexorable destruction of large tracts of our ocean life.

Entanglement can be easily observed and is the most visible effect of plastic debris on organisms in the marine environment. Entanglement can cause death by drowning, suffocation, strangulation, or starvation (Allsopp et al. 2007). At least 267 marine species worldwide suffer from entanglement and ingestion of plastic debris (Laist 1997).

Another problem of plastic pollution is that it facilitates the transport of species to other regions; alien species hitchhike on floating debris and invade new ecosystems, thereby causing a shift in species composition or even extinction of other species (Aliani and Molcard 2003). We can add the transfer of contaminants to the environment or to organisms when ingested (Teuten et al. 2009).

In addition to its impact on marine life, plastic debris can also damage marine industries (entangling propellers and blocking cooling systems). It has been estimated that marine debris damage to the marine industry in the Asia-Pacific region costs $1.26 billion annually (McIlgorm et al. 2011).

 
3- Solutions to “fix” the marine ecosystem.

Many national laws, as well as international agreements, now forbid the dumping of harmful materials into the ocean, although enforcing these regulations remains a challenge.
The U.S. Green Building Council defines Zero Waste as a minimum of 90% waste diversion from landfills, incinerators, and the environment.
Go for “Zero waste”. It’s about diverting waste from landfills or incineration, by rethinking waste as a resource, not just something to be discarded. We need to focus on reduction to bring down the volume of waste we produce. We also have to encourage responsible chemical use through consumer actions, so we can protect the environment for the future.


4- Recommendations
 
The power of Education is also an effective tool and should not be underestimated to clarify and present the issue, especially for young ages at schools and universities.
Awareness campaigns for families and the communities are highly recommended in order to change habits and make an impactful change. These will lead to stimulating a conscious attitude to reduce such an environmental threat.
Since the problem is well understood, the intention to act upon it will definitely make a difference.
 
One other possibility to solve the problem is the usage of biodegradable and reusable alternatives wherever you can: in food packaging, dishware, and office supplies. 

For example purchase locally made, nontoxic furnishings, this way you will do an investing in durable items that will have a long, healthy life. 

 And one more thing, recycle and upcycle as much as you can, as a consequence, it will save production energy and prevent the dumping of materials into the environment. 

Upcycling is a creative reuse of products, waste materials, and unwanted products. It’s about transforming something old into something chic and modern. Part of upcycling can be simple refurbishment, and part of it is re-styling it, by adding new covers, new coats of paint, and other new changes. 
 
Empower creative entrepreneurs and businesses interested in sustainability and taking action toward it. Those businesses have a responsibility to further the conversation around global climate change and take our environmental impact seriously.
 

5- Conclusion
 
Taking their individual steps should start from schools, NGOs, companies, and all sectors of the community. Thinking green and acting green is a fundamental attitude to reduce such an environmental threat. 
Education is the best way to solve such environmental problems. Here’s come the role of legislation and the enhancement of ecological consciousness through an awareness campaign, to ensure that businesses change their attitudes towards the problem.
 In the end, I’ll conclude with the following citation:
 
‘‘The last fallen mahogany would lie perceptibly on the landscape, and the last black rhino would be obvious in its loneliness, but a marine species may disappear beneath the waves unobserved and the sea would seem to roll on the same as always’’ (Ray, 1988, p. 45).
 



References
 
Beatley, T., 1991. Protecting biodiversity in coastal environments: introduction and overview. Coastal Management 19, 1–19.
 
Gorman, M., 1993. Environmental Hazards––Marine Pollution. ABCCLIO Inc, Santa Barbara.
 
Laist, D.W., 1987. Overview of the biological effects of lost and discarded plastic debris in the marine environment. Marine Pollution Bulletin 18, 319–326.
 
Lovejoy, T.E., 1997. Biodiversity: what is it? In: Reaka-Kudla, M.K., Wilson, D.E., Wilson, E.O. (Eds.), Biodiversity II: Understanding and Protecting our Biological Resources. Joseph Henry Press, Washington DC, pp. 7–14.
 
Pruter, A.T., 1987. Sources, quantities and distribution of persistent plastics in the marine environment. Marine Pollution Bulletin 18, 305–310.
 
Ray, G.C., 1988. Ecological diversity in coastal zones and oceans. In: Wilson, E.O., Peter, F.M. (Eds.), Biodiversity. National Academy Press, Washington DC, pp. 36–50.
 
Stefatos, A., Charalampakis, M., Papatheodorou, G., Ferentinos, G., 1999. Marine debris on the seafloor of the Mediterranean Sea: examples from two enclosed gulfs in Western Greece. Marine Pollution Bulletin 36, 389–393.
 
Wilber, R.J., 1987. Plastic in the North Atlantic. Oceanus 30, 61–68.
 
Read More ....
What is a carbon footprint?
Lama Hachem
Tue Jul 2022
The biggest challenge we’re facing as species is surviving the upcoming 100 years. We’re living in an environmental catastrophe due to many reasons, such as climate change, pollution, extinction of species, polar ice melting, and ocean rising, threatening cities to disappear from the globe! 
Even though this disaster, we can still take action to minimize the damage and help the environment to heal. Reducing the carbon footprint is one of the solutions.
Now you might be asking: what is a carbon footprint?
Let’s start with a simple definition. It’s a measure of the total amount of greenhouse gasses released into the atmosphere caused by a service/product, an individual, an organization, and even a nation! It’s usually measured in tones of CO2 (carbon dioxide equivalent). 
But what are Greenhouse gases? Well, we can define them by any type of gas in the atmosphere. It has a major role in blocking the heat from escaping. As a result, the earth is warming up at an unnatural rate!
The causes of a carbon footprint 
These emissions are caused by a few main industries. For example, burning fossil fuels (coal, oil, and natural gas) produced 36013.52 million tonnes of CO2 in 2016! We can add agriculture, waste, and industrial processes.

 Can you even believe that they create the majority of the greenhouse gasses we produce! 

Let us share some data that focuses on territorial emissions from just a few countries. For sure, we should in consideration the difference in population size across these countries. 

The total annual emissions (tones of CO2) in 2017:
-       China: 9.84 billion.
-       United States: 5.27 billion.
-       India: 2.46 billion.
-       Canada: 571.14 million.

Now, you must be blaming those countries and these big businesses. But do you remember, we mentioned that individuals have also a carbon footprint? Your actions and your lifestyle choices have some impact on the environment. 

A good place to start understanding your carbon footprint is by asking questions about your life and your activities. It will give you an overall picture of your emissions. These are very simple such as the energy you’re using at home, the fuels used for your car/motorbike, etc…

We can also list your waste production, your diet, the type of food you eat, and even your shopping habits like purchasing electronic products that play a role in carbon emissions.
In the end, we can conclude: that the more you lower your carbon footprint, the more you can live a healthier lifestyle. So, you can help in contributing to the overall reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and saving money as well!
Read More ....
10 Sustainable Fabrics for your eco-friendly fashion!
Lama Hachem
Tue Jul 2022
“Sustainable fabrics” is a term used to group various environmentally friendly materials. They are produced from natural or recycled materials.
They aim to reduce harm through the production process, fiber properties, or overall environmental impact. They can also contribute to waste reduction, water conservation, lowered emissions, and soil regeneration.
So, fashion lover, you must be curious about choosing sustainable fabrics to make your wardrobes more eco-friendly! We will share with you all the best options to choose from while shopping! Reading garment labels is the key. You might find:
1-    Organic Cotton: It has been booming in the last few years. It is an alternative to conventional cotton. It aims to reduce the environmental impact of cotton production by removing any toxic pesticides, synthetic fertilizers, or genetically modified seeds. This usually implies a sustainably managed fabric production process.
 
2-    Recycled Cotton: Wanna have more sustainable cotton in the market? Go recycled! It is made using either post-industrial or post-consumer waste. Did you know that your favorite ethical cotton Jeans could be made from industry fabric scrap or other recycled cotton garments? It also has many benefits such as:
  • Reducing water.
  • Reducing energy consumption.
  • Prevent fashion waste from ending up in landfill.
 
3-    Organic Hemp: It is a specific type of cannabis plant. It’s fast-growing all around the world, healthy for the soil, and requires very little water and no pesticides. That’s why It’s everywhere! It can be used in cosmetics, as building materials, and also as food!
It will keep you cool in summer and warm in winter.
 
4-    Organic Linen: Linen is almost identical to hemp in terms of sustainability. Both of them are super light, breathable, and biodegradable. You might be asking about the difference. Well, Linen is made from flax which can be used in its entirety (seeds, oil, and crop). In other words, there is no waste! 
 
5-    Tencel/Lyocell: It is a type of rayon derived from cellulose fibers by dissolving wood pulp. The Australian company Lenzing AG utilizes eucalyptus wood, sustainable practices, and requires less energy and water to produce. Even the chemicals used are recycled to reduce dangerous water. It is perfect for active wear due to its anti-bacterial properties!
 
6-    Bamboo: It is a fast-growing, regenerative crop that doesn’t require fertilization and is often known as a sustainable garment fabric. Bamboo is incredibly absorbent, comfortable, and moisture-wicking, making it a favorite with sustainable brands. You can find it in everything from pajamas, and lingerie to eco-friendly sunglasses! 
 
7-    Pinatex: Who doesn’t love leather jackets and pineapple? No one! Now let’s combine both of them and we will get a Pinatex! It is vegan alternative leather made from pineapple leaf fibers in 2017. Well, nowadays people can wear pineapple food!
It helps to reduce waste and helps the farmers to grow the fruit!
 
8-    Econyl: This material is created by Aquafil, an Italian firm. It is recycled nylon. It uses synthetic waste from industrial plastic, ocean plastic, abandoned fishing nets, and waste fabric, and transforms them into new nylon fabric that is the same quality as nylon. It is produced using a closed-loop system and uses less water. Despite his advantages, some of those annoying microplastics might end up in our waterways!
 
9-    Qmonos: Wanna feel like you’re in a sci-fi movie? Wear something made with Qmonos. This ethical Japanese fabric is made through the fusion of synthetic spider silk, microbes, and spider silk genes. Can you believe that it is five times stronger than steel? It is also entirely biodegradable and more flexible than nylon despite its being very lightweight! Don’t worry, zero spiders were farmed or harmed in the making of this fabric. 
 
10- Silk: It comes from silkworms that subsist on a diet of only mulberry tree leaves. It has a resistance to pollution. It’s easy to grow and completely compostable which makes it great for our planet. Can you imagine that silk is great for your skin due to its antibacterial properties?
 
 If you’re looking for sustainable silk, go for Ahimsa silk or peace silk. The nonviolent production process allows the silkworm to live a natural life (with no fungicides, sprays, or insecticides) and eventually evolve into a butterfly, which can emerge on its own. After that, the silk is collected. That’s right — no animals were harmed in this type of silk fabric production.
In the end, we highly recommend checking if the fabrics that you’re wearing are sustainable. Be sure you are making the most ethical choice!
 

Read More ....
The pollution in the ocean and its impact
Lama Hachem
Thu Jul 2022
A major decline in the world’s biological diversity refers to human excessive activities. The critical problem is that the human impacts have accelerated present extinction rates to 1000–10,000 times the natural rate (Lovejoy, 1997). In the ocean, the main threats to marine life safety come in various forms, such as overexploitation, overfishing, harvesting, and dumping of chemical, industrial, and radioactive wastes that are purposely thrown into the ocean, especially before 1972.
 In addition to those threats, we could add pollution, land reclamation, and global climate change (Beatley, 1991; National Research Council, 1995& al.).
 
Keywords: Plastic debris; Pollution; Marine environment; Zero waste.


1-Problem
 
The pollution by plastic and its deleterious effect on the marine environment were reviewed by bringing together most of the literature based on this topic.
 
Plastics are synthetic organic polymers, and they have only existed for just over a century (Gorman, 1993). The use of these materials has increased exponentially over the past three decades and has integrated into today’s lifestyle, due to their useful characteristics: lightweight, strong, durable and cheap, and suitability for the manufacture of a very wide range of products (Laist, 1987). 
 

2- The threats of plastic 
 
The threat of plastics to the marine environment has been ignored for a long time, and its seriousness has been only recently recognized (Stefatos et al., 1999). They are primarily due to ingestion of plastic debris and entanglement in packaging bands, synthetic ropes, and lines, or drift nets (Laist, 1987, 1997; Quayle, 1992).
 
They usually end up in the marine environment when accidentally lost, carelessly handled (Wilber, 1987), or left behind by beachgoers (Pruter, 1987).
 They also reach the sea, the rivers, and the municipal drainage systems (Pruter, 1987; Williams and Simmons, 1997).
 
The accumulation of plastic debris in the ocean/sea is a highly potential danger to marine ecosystems. As a result, a large number of marine species are now harmed, killed by plastic, and entangled in plastic nets which put a lot of them in danger of extension and lead to inexorable destruction of large tracts of our ocean life.

Entanglement can be easily observed and is the most visible effect of plastic debris on organisms in the marine environment. Entanglement can cause death by drowning, suffocation, strangulation, or starvation (Allsopp et al. 2007). At least 267 marine species worldwide suffer from entanglement and ingestion of plastic debris (Laist 1997).

Another problem of plastic pollution is that it facilitates the transport of species to other regions; alien species hitchhike on floating debris and invade new ecosystems, thereby causing a shift in species composition or even extinction of other species (Aliani and Molcard 2003). We can add the transfer of contaminants to the environment or to organisms when ingested (Teuten et al. 2009).

In addition to its impact on marine life, plastic debris can also damage marine industries (entangling propellers and blocking cooling systems). It has been estimated that marine debris damage to the marine industry in the Asia-Pacific region costs $1.26 billion annually (McIlgorm et al. 2011).

 
3- Solutions to “fix” the marine ecosystem.

Many national laws, as well as international agreements, now forbid the dumping of harmful materials into the ocean, although enforcing these regulations remains a challenge.
The U.S. Green Building Council defines Zero Waste as a minimum of 90% waste diversion from landfills, incinerators, and the environment.
Go for “Zero waste”. It’s about diverting waste from landfills or incineration, by rethinking waste as a resource, not just something to be discarded. We need to focus on reduction to bring down the volume of waste we produce. We also have to encourage responsible chemical use through consumer actions, so we can protect the environment for the future.


4- Recommendations
 
The power of Education is also an effective tool and should not be underestimated to clarify and present the issue, especially for young ages at schools and universities.
Awareness campaigns for families and the communities are highly recommended in order to change habits and make an impactful change. These will lead to stimulating a conscious attitude to reduce such an environmental threat.
Since the problem is well understood, the intention to act upon it will definitely make a difference.
 
One other possibility to solve the problem is the usage of biodegradable and reusable alternatives wherever you can: in food packaging, dishware, and office supplies. 

For example purchase locally made, nontoxic furnishings, this way you will do an investing in durable items that will have a long, healthy life. 

 And one more thing, recycle and upcycle as much as you can, as a consequence, it will save production energy and prevent the dumping of materials into the environment. 

Upcycling is a creative reuse of products, waste materials, and unwanted products. It’s about transforming something old into something chic and modern. Part of upcycling can be simple refurbishment, and part of it is re-styling it, by adding new covers, new coats of paint, and other new changes. 
 
Empower creative entrepreneurs and businesses interested in sustainability and taking action toward it. Those businesses have a responsibility to further the conversation around global climate change and take our environmental impact seriously.
 

5- Conclusion
 
Taking their individual steps should start from schools, NGOs, companies, and all sectors of the community. Thinking green and acting green is a fundamental attitude to reduce such an environmental threat. 
Education is the best way to solve such environmental problems. Here’s come the role of legislation and the enhancement of ecological consciousness through an awareness campaign, to ensure that businesses change their attitudes towards the problem.
 In the end, I’ll conclude with the following citation:
 
‘‘The last fallen mahogany would lie perceptibly on the landscape, and the last black rhino would be obvious in its loneliness, but a marine species may disappear beneath the waves unobserved and the sea would seem to roll on the same as always’’ (Ray, 1988, p. 45).
 



References
 
Beatley, T., 1991. Protecting biodiversity in coastal environments: introduction and overview. Coastal Management 19, 1–19.
 
Gorman, M., 1993. Environmental Hazards––Marine Pollution. ABCCLIO Inc, Santa Barbara.
 
Laist, D.W., 1987. Overview of the biological effects of lost and discarded plastic debris in the marine environment. Marine Pollution Bulletin 18, 319–326.
 
Lovejoy, T.E., 1997. Biodiversity: what is it? In: Reaka-Kudla, M.K., Wilson, D.E., Wilson, E.O. (Eds.), Biodiversity II: Understanding and Protecting our Biological Resources. Joseph Henry Press, Washington DC, pp. 7–14.
 
Pruter, A.T., 1987. Sources, quantities and distribution of persistent plastics in the marine environment. Marine Pollution Bulletin 18, 305–310.
 
Ray, G.C., 1988. Ecological diversity in coastal zones and oceans. In: Wilson, E.O., Peter, F.M. (Eds.), Biodiversity. National Academy Press, Washington DC, pp. 36–50.
 
Stefatos, A., Charalampakis, M., Papatheodorou, G., Ferentinos, G., 1999. Marine debris on the seafloor of the Mediterranean Sea: examples from two enclosed gulfs in Western Greece. Marine Pollution Bulletin 36, 389–393.
 
Wilber, R.J., 1987. Plastic in the North Atlantic. Oceanus 30, 61–68.
 
Read More ....
What is a carbon footprint?
Lama Hachem
Tue Jul 2022
The biggest challenge we’re facing as species is surviving the upcoming 100 years. We’re living in an environmental catastrophe due to many reasons, such as climate change, pollution, extinction of species, polar ice melting, and ocean rising, threatening cities to disappear from the globe! 
Even though this disaster, we can still take action to minimize the damage and help the environment to heal. Reducing the carbon footprint is one of the solutions.
Now you might be asking: what is a carbon footprint?
Let’s start with a simple definition. It’s a measure of the total amount of greenhouse gasses released into the atmosphere caused by a service/product, an individual, an organization, and even a nation! It’s usually measured in tones of CO2 (carbon dioxide equivalent). 
But what are Greenhouse gases? Well, we can define them by any type of gas in the atmosphere. It has a major role in blocking the heat from escaping. As a result, the earth is warming up at an unnatural rate!
The causes of a carbon footprint 
These emissions are caused by a few main industries. For example, burning fossil fuels (coal, oil, and natural gas) produced 36013.52 million tonnes of CO2 in 2016! We can add agriculture, waste, and industrial processes.

 Can you even believe that they create the majority of the greenhouse gasses we produce! 

Let us share some data that focuses on territorial emissions from just a few countries. For sure, we should in consideration the difference in population size across these countries. 

The total annual emissions (tones of CO2) in 2017:
-       China: 9.84 billion.
-       United States: 5.27 billion.
-       India: 2.46 billion.
-       Canada: 571.14 million.

Now, you must be blaming those countries and these big businesses. But do you remember, we mentioned that individuals have also a carbon footprint? Your actions and your lifestyle choices have some impact on the environment. 

A good place to start understanding your carbon footprint is by asking questions about your life and your activities. It will give you an overall picture of your emissions. These are very simple such as the energy you’re using at home, the fuels used for your car/motorbike, etc…

We can also list your waste production, your diet, the type of food you eat, and even your shopping habits like purchasing electronic products that play a role in carbon emissions.
In the end, we can conclude: that the more you lower your carbon footprint, the more you can live a healthier lifestyle. So, you can help in contributing to the overall reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and saving money as well!
Read More ....
10 Sustainable Fabrics for your eco-friendly fashion!
Lama Hachem
Tue Jul 2022
“Sustainable fabrics” is a term used to group various environmentally friendly materials. They are produced from natural or recycled materials.
They aim to reduce harm through the production process, fiber properties, or overall environmental impact. They can also contribute to waste reduction, water conservation, lowered emissions, and soil regeneration.
So, fashion lover, you must be curious about choosing sustainable fabrics to make your wardrobes more eco-friendly! We will share with you all the best options to choose from while shopping! Reading garment labels is the key. You might find:
1-    Organic Cotton: It has been booming in the last few years. It is an alternative to conventional cotton. It aims to reduce the environmental impact of cotton production by removing any toxic pesticides, synthetic fertilizers, or genetically modified seeds. This usually implies a sustainably managed fabric production process.
 
2-    Recycled Cotton: Wanna have more sustainable cotton in the market? Go recycled! It is made using either post-industrial or post-consumer waste. Did you know that your favorite ethical cotton Jeans could be made from industry fabric scrap or other recycled cotton garments? It also has many benefits such as:
  • Reducing water.
  • Reducing energy consumption.
  • Prevent fashion waste from ending up in landfill.
 
3-    Organic Hemp: It is a specific type of cannabis plant. It’s fast-growing all around the world, healthy for the soil, and requires very little water and no pesticides. That’s why It’s everywhere! It can be used in cosmetics, as building materials, and also as food!
It will keep you cool in summer and warm in winter.
 
4-    Organic Linen: Linen is almost identical to hemp in terms of sustainability. Both of them are super light, breathable, and biodegradable. You might be asking about the difference. Well, Linen is made from flax which can be used in its entirety (seeds, oil, and crop). In other words, there is no waste! 
 
5-    Tencel/Lyocell: It is a type of rayon derived from cellulose fibers by dissolving wood pulp. The Australian company Lenzing AG utilizes eucalyptus wood, sustainable practices, and requires less energy and water to produce. Even the chemicals used are recycled to reduce dangerous water. It is perfect for active wear due to its anti-bacterial properties!
 
6-    Bamboo: It is a fast-growing, regenerative crop that doesn’t require fertilization and is often known as a sustainable garment fabric. Bamboo is incredibly absorbent, comfortable, and moisture-wicking, making it a favorite with sustainable brands. You can find it in everything from pajamas, and lingerie to eco-friendly sunglasses! 
 
7-    Pinatex: Who doesn’t love leather jackets and pineapple? No one! Now let’s combine both of them and we will get a Pinatex! It is vegan alternative leather made from pineapple leaf fibers in 2017. Well, nowadays people can wear pineapple food!
It helps to reduce waste and helps the farmers to grow the fruit!
 
8-    Econyl: This material is created by Aquafil, an Italian firm. It is recycled nylon. It uses synthetic waste from industrial plastic, ocean plastic, abandoned fishing nets, and waste fabric, and transforms them into new nylon fabric that is the same quality as nylon. It is produced using a closed-loop system and uses less water. Despite his advantages, some of those annoying microplastics might end up in our waterways!
 
9-    Qmonos: Wanna feel like you’re in a sci-fi movie? Wear something made with Qmonos. This ethical Japanese fabric is made through the fusion of synthetic spider silk, microbes, and spider silk genes. Can you believe that it is five times stronger than steel? It is also entirely biodegradable and more flexible than nylon despite its being very lightweight! Don’t worry, zero spiders were farmed or harmed in the making of this fabric. 
 
10- Silk: It comes from silkworms that subsist on a diet of only mulberry tree leaves. It has a resistance to pollution. It’s easy to grow and completely compostable which makes it great for our planet. Can you imagine that silk is great for your skin due to its antibacterial properties?
 
 If you’re looking for sustainable silk, go for Ahimsa silk or peace silk. The nonviolent production process allows the silkworm to live a natural life (with no fungicides, sprays, or insecticides) and eventually evolve into a butterfly, which can emerge on its own. After that, the silk is collected. That’s right — no animals were harmed in this type of silk fabric production.
In the end, we highly recommend checking if the fabrics that you’re wearing are sustainable. Be sure you are making the most ethical choice!
 

Read More ....
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